物業管理業監管局周年報告2023-24

財務報告 Financial Report 年度回顧 Review of the Year 積極溝通聯繫 Active Communication 機構管治 Corporate Governance 117 Annual Report 2023-24 Property Management Services Authority 財務報表 Financial Statements 2. Material accounting policies (continued) (h) Leases Leases are recognized as right-of-use assets and corresponding lease l iabi l i t ies when the leased assets are available for use by the PMSA. Right- of-use assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Depreciation of right-of-use assets is calculated to write off their cost over the lease term on a straight-line basis. R i gh t - o f - u s e a s s e t s a r e me a s u r ed a t co s t comprising the amount of the initial measurement of the lease l iabi l ities, lease payments prepaid, ini t ial di rect costs and the off ice reinstatement costs. Lease liabilities are initially recognized at the present value of the lease payments payable over the lease term, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, using a relevant incremental borrowing rate. Each lease payment is al located between the liability and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to profit or loss over the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the lease liabilities. Payments associated with short-term leases and leases of low value assets are recognized as expenses in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease terms. Short-term leases are leases with an initial lease term of 12 months or less. (i) Accounts and other receivables, and contract assets and contract liabilities A recei vable i s recogni zed when the PMSA’s right to consideration is unconditional. A right to consideration is unconditional if only the passage of time is required before payment of that consideration is due. If revenue has been recognized before the PMSA has an unconditional right to consideration, the amount is presented as a contract asset . Receivables are stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method less allowance for credit losses (see note 2(e) above). 2. 重大會計政策（續） (h) 租賃 當租賃資產可供監管局使用 時，將租賃確認為使用權資產 及相應的租賃負債。使用權資 產按成本減累計折舊及減值損 失列賬。使用權資產之折舊， 以其成本按直線法於租賃期內 計算撇銷。 使用權資產按成本計量，該成 本包括租賃負債的初始計量金 額、預付的租賃付款額、初步 直接成本和辦公室還原費用。 租賃負債初步按租期內應付租 賃付款之現值確認，按租約隱 含的利率貼現，或倘該利率不 能即時釐定，則按相關增量借 款利率貼現。每次租賃付款均 在負債和財務費用之間分配。 財務費用在租賃期內的損益中 扣除，以便對租賃負債的餘額 產生固定週期利率。 與短期租賃和低價值資產租賃 有關的付款在租賃期內按直線 法於損益中確認為支出。短期 租賃是指初始租賃期為 12 個月 或以下的租賃。 (i) 應收賬款及其他應收款，以及 合約資產及合約負債 當監管局對收取代價之權利是 無條件時，應收賬款便予以確 認。如果在支付該代價到期之 前需要經過一段時間，則該收 取的代價之權利被視為無條件 的。如果在監管局擁有無條件 收取代價的權利之前確認收 入，則該金額應作為合約資產 列報。應收款項採用實際利率 法減去信貸損失準備，按攤銷 成本列賬（見附註 2(e) ）。